FAQs for Federal Application Process

The U.S. federal government is composed of the legislative, executive and judicial branches. For the purposes of this site, we will focus primarily on federal employment within the executive branch at federal agencies, offices and subcomponents.

Yes! The federal government is the nation’s largest employer and is always hiring. 

USAJOBS lists the most recent job postings to date. However, not all positions are listed on USAJOBS, so be sure to visit agency websites for the most current information.

Internships, including Pathways Programs, will be posted in USAJOBS and the Federal Internship Portal. Other internship positions will be posted on individual agency websites.  

Absolutely not! Only 20 percent of federal jobs are in the Washington, D.C., metro area. Most federal agencies have regional offices throughout the country and may have opportunities overseas. Search by location at USAJOBS to find positions near you.

There must be a job announcement posted on USAJOBS or an agency’s website to apply for a federal job. A federal application generally consists of submitting a federal resume and other application materials as listed in the job announcement.

A typical application process in the federal government includes submitting your federal resume and application materials, interviewing with agency representatives and passing the background check or security clearance process. However, every agency will adjust this process to best meet its needs. 

As of 2025, federal resumes are now limited to two pages in length. Historically, federal resumes were much longer and more detailed. With this new page limit, candidates should tailor their resume to the federal job announcement just as they would for the private sector. Be sure to include all relevant work experience, education, job related training, language skills and professional publications. Use the USAJOBS resume builder to ensure that you include all required elements of a federal resume.

Most agencies strive to fill their open positions within 80 days or sooner. However, the average “time to hire,” is still close to 100 days. Every agency has its own hiring practices and sometimes there are additional hiring steps for some agencies to ensure an equal and fair assessment for all candidates. While high numbers of applications per position can lengthen the hiring process, it’s important to be patient—the process is getting better, and while it may be longer than you are used to, it will be worth the wait. Learn more about what happens after you apply.

The background check and security clearance process can be lengthy depending on the level of clearance you are receiving and your personal history. The process can take months or even up to a year depending on whether more information is needed, the depth of the investigation process and other factors. To learn more, visit our background and security clearance page.